Which season is most directly affected by the tilt of the Earth's axis?

The tilt of the Earth's axis plays a crucial role in the changing seasons, affecting both summer and winter. The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of about 23.5 degrees relative to its orbit around the sun. This tilt causes different parts of the Earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year.

During summer in the Northern Hemisphere, the North Pole is tilted towards the sun, resulting in longer daylight hours and more direct sunlight, which causes warmer temperatures. Conversely, during winter, the North Pole is tilted away from the sun, leading to shorter daylight hours and less direct sunlight, resulting in cooler temperatures.

Similarly, in the Southern Hemisphere, the opposite occurs; when it is summer there, the South Pole is tilted towards the sun, and when it is winter, the South Pole is tilted away. This axial tilt is what ultimately creates the distinct seasons of summer and winter across the globe. Therefore, both summer and winter are directly influenced by the tilt of the Earth's axis, making the selection of both seasons as the answer valid.